API

"MCP or OpenAPI?" is a common question when connecting AI agents to tools, and it is slightly the wrong question. The Model Context Protocol is a protocol: a cl…

Asking a model to "reply in JSON" works until it does not: a missing field, a trailing comment, a number returned as a string, a polite sentence before the open…

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open protocol for exposing tools, resources, and prompts to AI applications over JSON-RPC 2.0. One server can serve many …

Model APIs fail in ordinary ways: rate limits, overloaded capacity, server errors, dropped connections and calls that run longer than a timeout. Most of these a…

A customer clicks Pay. Your server charges the card, and then the connection drops before the response reaches the browser. The client cannot tell whether the c…

A URL shortener turns https://example.com/a/very/long/path?campaign=autumn into something like sho.rt/6ZY3LCH, and sends anyone who opens the short link to the …

A travel checkout may call a public weather API, your own booking API, and a partner airline API. All three could use REST, but they should not share the same c…

AI agents rarely work alone. They read files, query databases, call business APIs, and sometimes delegate work to other agents. Without shared contracts, every …

A partner script scrapes your API with a leaked key. A mobile build ships a password in every header. A "Sign in with GitHub" button works until someone treats …

This guide is for backend engineers who know HTTP and database transactions but need to decide where six microservice patterns fit. By the end, you can trace on…